Deployment involves packaging up your Clojure code as a .war (Web application ARchive) file then copying the file to a directory where it will be recognized and run up by a web application server.
Your web application must live somewhere other than your own desktop or laptop. A production environment is the canonical version of your current application and its associated data.
Four options exist for hosting your web application. Three of them involve setting up the operating system, system packages, security and Clojure dependencies during deployment. The fourth, using a platform-as-a-service, abstracts away much of the set up at the cost of higher pricing and loss of infrastructure control. The four options are
Thoughts on web application deployment walks through deploying apps with source control, continuous deployment and monitoring.
Practical continuous deployment defines delivery versus deployment and walks through a continuous deployment workflow.